1. ECONOMICS - ΤΙ ΕΙΝΑΙ, ΜΕ ΤΙ ΣΚΑΤΑ ΑΣΧΟΛΟΥΝΤΑΙ ΟΙ ΟΙΚΟΝΟΜΟΛΟΓΟΙ
Μια μικρή εισαγωγή απο τον Bradford Delong, καθηγητή στο Berkeley. πηγή
Economics deals with those things that we want but that are "scarce”
– There are not enough of them for all of us to be satisfied.
– Societies then have to figure out whether it is worth making more of these scarce commodities.
– Then, if we do make more of them, we then need to figure out who is going to get to use them.
Most scarce things (aka goods, aka commodities) that we care about are "rival".
- Only one person can use it at a time.
– I am now using this iPad to read my lecture notes. Because I am now using it, you cannot be.
Most scarce things that we care about are "excludable."
– By "excludable" I mean that it is easy to keep someone from making use of them
- I can keep your cows from eating my grass by installing a barbed wire fence
Because goods are rival, somebody's use of a particular good imposes an opportunity cost on the rest of society
- Because I am using this iPad, there is one fewer iPad for the rest of you to use
- My use restricts your opportunities
- A good economic system would make me take into account in my decision making any reduction in your opportunities and resources that might be caused by my actions.
ΜΠΟΤΟΜ ΛΑΙΝ
Η οικονομική επιστήμη ασχολείται με τα πράγματα που ειναι λίγα αλλα τα επιθυμούν πολλοί. Πώς θα τα παράγουμε, πώς θα παράγουμε ακόμα περισσότερα και πώς πρέπει να τα μοιράσουμε.
